Quantum computing advantages and disadvantages over internet

Quantum computing is focused on developing computer technology based on the principles of quantum theory, which explains the nature and behavior of energy and matter on the quantum (atomic and subatomic) level. The quantum computer is following the laws of quantum physics, that would gain enormous processing power through the ability to be in multiple states, and to perform tasks using all possible permutations simultaneously. The essential elements of quantum computing originated with Paul Benioff, working at Argonne National Labs, in 1981.

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Quantum theory's development began in 1900 with a presentation by Max Planck to the German Physical Society, in which he introduced the idea that energy exists in individual units (which he called "quanta"), as does matter.

Currently, the centers of research in quantum computing include MIT, IBM, Oxford University, and the Los Alamos National Laboratory.

To stand a chance at solving some of these problems, we need a new kind of computing.

Advantages

• In quantum computing qubit is the conventional superposition state and so there is an advantage of exponential speedup which is resulted by handle number of calculations.

• The other advantage of quantum computing is even classical algorithm calculations are also performed easily which is similar to the classical computer.

• Quantum computers could spur the development of new breakthroughs in science, medications to save lives, machine learning methods to diagnose illnesses sooner, materials to make more efficient devices and structures, financial strategies to live well in retirement, and algorithms to quickly direct resources such as ambulances.

• Quantum computing has the potential to solve some of the world’s toughest challenges.

• Quantum computers leverage quantum mechanical phenomena to manipulate information.

• Quantum computing takes only days or hours to solve problems that would take billions of years using today’s computers.

• Quantum computers will enable new discoveries in the areas of healthcare, energy, environmental systems, smart materials, and beyond.

• Finding solutions to challenges like global warming and world hunger may require a quantum system with thousands of millions of qubits.

• With the aid of quantum computers, chemists can work to identify a new catalyst for fertilizer to help reduce greenhouse emissions and improve global food production. This solution requires the ability to model molecular interactions which are too complex for classical computers, but well-suited for quantum computers.

• Quantum computers will help advance materials science, creating superior new alternatives and greener technologies. One potential quantum computing application is the development of high-temperature superconductors which could enable lossless transmission of energy.

• Quantum computers will help identify materials with properties suitable for high-temperature superconductivity, a level of complexity that is out of reach for the computers we use today.

• Quantum computing can bring speed and efficiency to complex optimization problems in machine learning.

• In factories, quantum computers can help deliver optimization insights for streamlined output, reduced waste, and lower costs.

• Auto manufacturers like Volkswagen and Daimler are using quantum computers to simulate the chemical composition of electrical-vehicle batteries to help find new ways to improve their performance.

• Pharmaceutical companies are leveraging quantum computers to analyze and compare compounds that could lead to the creation of new drugs.

• Airbus, for instance, is using quantum computers to help calculate the most fuel-efficient ascent and descent paths for aircraft.

Disadvantages

• First thing first, it is cost.

• The disadvantage of computing is the technology required to implement a quantum computer is not available at present. The reason for this is the consistent electron is damaged as soon as it is affected by its environment and that electron is very much essential for the functioning of quantum computers.

• The research for this problem is still continuing the effort applied to identify a solution for this problem has no positive progress.

• Hard to control quantum particles.

• Lots of heat.

• Difficult to build.

• Not enough is known about quantum mechanics.

 

Rather than store information using bits represented by 0s or 1s as conventional digital computers do, quantum computers use quantum bits, or qubits, to encode information as 0s, 1s, or both at the same time. There are challenges that today’s systems will never be able to solve. For problems above a certain size and complexity, we don’t have enough computational power on Earth to tackle them.

Today's physical quantum computers are very noisy and quantum error correction is a burgeoning field of research. Unfortunately, existing hardware is so noisy that fault-tolerant quantum computing still a rather distant dream. As of April 2019, no large scalable quantum hardware has been demonstrated, nor have commercially useful algorithms been published for today's small, noisy quantum computers.

 

For Quantum Computing to really achieve critical mass adoption, it takes a long time for all the cost variable become reasonable, then we can see how Quantum Computing revolution the current mass technology. So, it makes sense to be aware that is coming, but may or may not necessary to heavily invest in it yet.